Objectives
An Objective is a goal with a clearly defined end state. It has a measurable outcome and/or change in output. Without an objective, teams measure motion instead of progress.
The Practice of Management
The Practice of Management is a book by Peter F. Drucker, first published in 1954. It was one of the first books to treat management as a distinct discipline, and it introduced Management by Objectives and self-control, where managers and their teams agree on clear objectives and measure their own progress against them. It also argues that the purpose of a business is to create a customer, and includes the parable of the three stonecutters.